Professor
Hemant K. Gautam
Chief Scientist, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, University Campus Delhi-110007, India
Title of the talk: Recent Developments in Acne Pathophysiology and Their Implications for Therapy
Abstract
Acne’s etiology is complicated, involving genetic, hormonal, inflammatory, and environmental variables. Susceptibility is determined by genetics, but hormonal variations, particularly elevated testosterone levels during puberty, contribute to sebaceous gland hyperactivity and abnormal keratinization. Propionibacterium acnes colonization exacerbates inflammation, resulting in acne’s typical clinical symptoms. Cutibacterium acnes and other related bacterial colonies aggravate inflammation, resulting in the typical clinical symptoms of acne. Because of Propionibacterium acnes genetic heterogeneity, patient enforcement, and country prescribing standards, there is a problem with antibiotic resistance among acne patients globally. The main aim of this study was to find the different types of bacteria that are linked to C. acnes, describe their traits, and find out how resistant Indian patients are to antibiotics. Total 72 discovered P. acnes strains showed high resistance to azithromycin (100%), erythromycin (98%), clindamycin (90.4%), doxycycline (44.2%), and tetracycline (30.8%). However, there was little resistance to levofloxacin (9.6%) and minocycline (1.9%). Resistance was significantly different between Doxycycline/Levofloxacin, Doxycycline/Minocycline, and Clindamycin/Tetracycline (P < 0.001). Clindamycin, macrolides, and Tetracycline had high MIC90 (≥256 μg/ml), while Doxycycline (16 μg/ml), Minocycline (8 μg/ml), and Levofloxacin (4 μg/ml) had low MIC90 values. Multilocus Sequencing Typing (MLST) was utilized to genotype P. acnes using nine housekeeping genes (cel, coa, fba, gms, lac, oxc, pak, recA, and zno). According to MLST data, the Indian P. acnes isolates belong to three different phylogroups: Type IA 1, Type I B, and Type II according to MLST Data. This extensive investigation highlights the significance of an individualized strategy for managing acne, taking into account the various elements that contribute to its development. This will lead to the development of more efficient and personalized treatment approaches in the future.
Biography
Dr. Hemant K. Gautam earned his Master’s and Ph.D. degrees in Microbiology from the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in New Delhi, India. He has Post-doctoral experience in France and Israel. He presently works as a Chief Scientist and Professor at the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology in New Delhi. He is affiliated with several universities and belongs to a variety of scientific and academic organizations. He is a recipient of the SARC Award, Bharat Excellence Award, Biotechnology Award, Israel Government Fellowship, UNESCO Fellow, and International Project Reviewer RBUCE-UP, UniverSud, Paris. He has authored over 100 academic papers, two books, and has submitted over 500 novel sequences to the NCBI database. He has visited several countries, including France, Israel, Australia, Bulgaria, China, Thailand, Germany, the United States, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Ukraine. He is a Biosafety expert from Department of Biotechnology India. Dr. Gautam is involved in a variety of interdisciplinary projects, including in the areas of microbiology, microbial biotechnology, genomics, and nanobiotics. Dr. Gautam’s goal is to develop techniques for rationally engineering next-generation smart antimicrobials by understanding their fundamental features and exploiting such structures to battle the “Antimicrobial resistance” silent pandemic knocking on the door.
Publications: Website Researchgate ORCID